README.mkdn

A bare minimum Catalyst action can handle about 100 requests per second on my machine last I checked. Another old measurement places Plack at about 2K on the fastest backends, with absolutely bare minimum request handling.

Most of the real world applications I wrote can handle about 10-20 requests per second on my machine for the quickest dynamic requests.

confess, Throwable::Error, Exception::Class and creating a hash with 100 pairs of short strings are all in the range of 2K-5K iterations per second.

Devel::StackTrace and croak break the 10K iterations per second barrier.

It would take about 100 Devel::StackTrace->new calls per HTTP request to make my real world apps 5% slower, but 10 stack frames deep, it would only take 50 calls to have the same impact.

Try::Tiny clocks in at 70K string errors per second. A plain eval with the same error does 490K. With an anonymous hash reference (no string formatting), it goes up to 1.2M iterations.

That means that you could only catch that many errors per second, if that's all you ever did. Since exceptions are the exception, not the rule, that probably doesn't matter much.

An inlined Moose for a class with no attributes can only generate 240K objects per second.

I suspect that in a real world web request that probably makes several thousand subroutine or method calls, allocates data structures, talks to a database, deserializes and parses strings, validates input, creates objects etc, even something like 20-30 exception objects would simply not make that big a difference.

errors.pl

use strict;
use warnings;

use Benchmark qw(cmpthese);

use Carp;
use Devel::StackTrace;

use Try::Tiny;

use Throwable::Error;
use Error;
use Exception::Class 'MyException' => { fields => [ qw(foo) ] };

{
    package Foo;
    use Moose;

    with qw(Throwable);

    __PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable;

    package Empty;
    use Moose;

    __PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable;
}

sub foo { bar(@_) }
sub bar { gorch(@_) }
sub gorch { baz(@_) }
sub baz { quxx(@_) }
sub quxx { lala(@_) }
sub lala { oink(@_) }
sub oink { flarp(@_) }
sub flarp { zot(@_) }
sub zot { $_[0]->() }

cmpthese( -0.5, {
    eval    => 'local $@; eval { 1; }',
    try     => 'try { die "foo" } catch { /foo/ }',
    die     => 'local $@; eval { die "foo"; }',
    die_ref => 'local $@; eval { die {}; }',

    # a bit of perspective on the time scales
    new             => 'Empty->new',
    throwable_new   => 'Foo->new',
    throwable_throw => 'local $@; eval { Foo->throw }',
    new_hash        => 'my %h = map { $_ => "foo" } 1 .. 100',
    deep_die      => 'local $@; eval { foo(sub { die "foo" }) }',

    # stack introspection and string futzing
    confess => 'local $@; eval { Carp::confess("foo") }',
    deep_confess => 'local $@; eval { foo(sub { Carp::confess("foo") }); }',
    croak   => 'local $@; eval { Carp::croak("foo") }',

    # stack introspection
    shortmess   => 'Carp::shortmess()',
    longmess    => 'Carp::longmess()',
    stack_trace => 'Devel::StackTrace->new',
    deep_stack_trace => 'foo(sub { Devel::StackTrace->new })',

    # stock error objects from the CPAN
    throwable_error => q{
        local $@;
        eval {
            Throwable::Error->throw( message => "foo" );
        };
    },

    exception_class => q{
        local $@;
        eval {
            MyException->throw( error => "foo", foo => "bar" );
        };
    },

    error_simple => 'local $@; eval { Error::Simple->throw("foo") }',

});

output.txt

                      Rate deep_confess throwable_error confess longmess exception_class deep_stack_trace new_hash stack_trace  croak shortmess error_simple throwable_throw   try throwable_new deep_die   new   die die_ref  eval
deep_confess        1147/s           --            -44%    -49%     -59%            -64%             -79%     -80%        -90%   -91%      -92%         -98%            -98%  -98%          -99%     -99% -100% -100%   -100% -100%
throwable_error     2035/s          77%              --    -10%     -26%            -36%             -63%     -65%        -83%   -84%      -86%         -97%            -97%  -97%          -98%     -99%  -99% -100%   -100% -100%
confess             2261/s          97%             11%      --     -18%            -28%             -59%     -61%        -81%   -82%      -85%         -96%            -97%  -97%          -98%     -99%  -99% -100%   -100% -100%
longmess            2765/s         141%             36%     22%       --            -13%             -50%     -53%        -76%   -78%      -81%         -95%            -96%  -96%          -97%     -99%  -99%  -99%   -100% -100%
exception_class     3162/s         176%             55%     40%      14%              --             -43%     -46%        -73%   -75%      -79%         -95%            -96%  -96%          -97%     -98%  -99%  -99%   -100% -100%
deep_stack_trace    5530/s         382%            172%    145%     100%             75%               --      -6%        -53%   -56%      -63%         -91%            -92%  -93%          -94%     -97%  -98%  -99%   -100% -100%
new_hash            5856/s         411%            188%    159%     112%             85%               6%       --        -50%   -53%      -60%         -90%            -92%  -92%          -94%     -97%  -98%  -99%   -100% -100%
stack_trace        11711/s         921%            475%    418%     324%            270%             112%     100%          --    -6%      -21%         -80%            -84%  -84%          -87%     -94%  -95%  -98%    -99% -100%
croak              12444/s         985%            512%    450%     350%            294%             125%     113%          6%     --      -16%         -79%            -83%  -83%          -86%     -94%  -95%  -98%    -99%  -99%
shortmess          14768/s        1188%            626%    553%     434%            367%             167%     152%         26%    19%        --         -75%            -80%  -80%          -84%     -92%  -94%  -97%    -99%  -99%
error_simple       59077/s        5052%           2803%   2513%    2037%           1768%             968%     909%        404%   375%      300%           --            -18%  -20%          -36%     -70%  -76%  -88%    -95%  -97%
throwable_throw    72404/s        6214%           3458%   3102%    2519%           2190%            1209%    1136%        518%   482%      390%          23%              --   -2%          -21%     -63%  -71%  -86%    -94%  -97%
try                73770/s        6333%           3525%   3163%    2568%           2233%            1234%    1160%        530%   493%      400%          25%              2%    --          -20%     -62%  -70%  -86%    -94%  -97%
throwable_new      91995/s        7923%           4421%   3969%    3227%           2809%            1564%    1471%        686%   639%      523%          56%             27%   25%            --     -53%  -63%  -82%    -92%  -96%
deep_die          194606/s       16871%           9463%   8507%    6939%           6055%            3419%    3223%       1562%  1464%     1218%         229%            169%  164%          112%       --  -22%  -62%    -84%  -92%
new               249683/s       21675%          12169%  10942%    8931%           7796%            4415%    4164%       2032%  1906%     1591%         323%            245%  238%          171%      28%    --  -51%    -79%  -89%
die               508969/s       44287%          24911%  22410%   18309%          15996%            9104%    8592%       4246%  3990%     3346%         762%            603%  590%          453%     162%  104%    --    -57%  -78%
die_ref          1194086/s      104035%          58577%  52710%   43089%          37664%           21494%   20292%      10096%  9495%     7986%        1921%           1549% 1519%         1198%     514%  378%  135%      --  -49%
eval             2348372/s      204700%         115299% 103759%   84838%          74169%           42369%   40005%      19953% 18771%    15802%        3875%           3143% 3083%         2453%    1107%  841%  361%     97%    --