Deploy your site with git

README.md

Deploy your site with git

This gist assumes:

• you have a local git repo
• with an online remote repository (github / bitbucket etc)
• and a cloud server (Rackspace cloud / Amazon EC2 etc)
  • your (PHP) scripts are served from /var/www/html/
  • your webpages are executed by apache
  • apache's home directory is /var/www/
  • (this describes a pretty standard apache setup on Redhat / Ubuntu / CentOS / Amazon AMI etc)

you should be able to do the same with Java, Perl, RoR, JSP etc. however you'll need to recreate the (rather simple) PHP script

1 - On your local machine

Here we add the deployment script and push it to the origin, the deployment script runs git commands to PULL from the origin thus updating your server

Grab a deployment script for your site

See deploy.php

Add, commit and push this to github

git add deploy.php
git commit -m 'Added the git deployment script'
git push -u origin master

2 - On your server

Here we install and setup git on the server, we also create an SSH key so the server can talk to the origin without using passwords etc

Install git...

After you've installed git, make sure it's a relatively new version - old scripts quickly become problematic as github / bitbucket / whatever will have the latests and greatest, if you don't have a recent version you'll need to figure out how to upgrade it :-)

git --version

...on CentOS 5.6

# Add a nice repo
rpm -Uvh http://repo.webtatic.com/yum/centos/5/latest.rpm
# Install git
yum install --enablerepo=webtatic git-all

...using generic yum

sudo yum install git-core

Setup git

git config --global user.name "Server"
git config --global user.email "server@server.com"

Create an ssh directory for the apache user

sudo mkdir /var/www/.ssh
sudo chown -R apache:apache /var/www/.ssh/

Generate a deploy key for apache user

sudo -Hu apache ssh-keygen -t rsa # choose "no passphrase"
sudo cat /var/www/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

3 - On your origin (github / bitbucket)

Here we add the SSH key to the origin to allow your server to talk without passwords. In the case of GitHub we also setup a post-receive hook which will automatically call the deploy URL thus triggering a PULL request from the server to the origin

GitHub instructions

Add the SSH key to your user

1. https://github.com/settings/ssh
2. Create a new key
3. Paste the deploy key you generated on the server

Set up service hook

1. https://github.com/oodavid/server.com/admin/hooks
2. Select the Post-Receive URL service hook
3. Enter the URL to your deployment script - http://server.com/deploy.php
4. Click Update Settings

Bitbucket instructions

Add the SSH key to your account

1. https://bitbucket.org/account/ssh-keys/
2. Create a new key
3. Paste the deploy key you generated on the server

Set up service hook

1. Go to: Repo > Admin > Services
2. Select "POST"
3. Add the URL to your deployment script - http://server.com/deploy.php
4. Save

Thanks to DrewAPicture in the comments for this one

4 - On the Server

Here we clone the origin repo into a chmodded /var/www/html folder

Pull from origin

sudo chown -R apache:apache /var/www/html
sudo -Hu apache git clone git@github.com:you/server.git /var/www/html

Rejoice!

Now you're ready to go :-)

Some notes

• Navigate the the deployment script to trigger a pull and see the output:
  • http://server.com/deploy.php
  • this is useful for debugging too ;-)
• When you push to GitHub your site will automatically ping the above url (and pull your code)
• When you push to Bitbucket you will need to manually ping the above url
• It would be trivial to setup another repo on your server for different branches (develop, release-candidate etc) - repeat most of the steps but checkout a branch after pulling the repo down

Sources

• Build auto-deploy with php and git(hub) on an EC2 Amazon AMI instance - who in turn referenced:
  • ec2-webapp / INSTALL.md
  • How to deploy your code from GitHub automatically

deploy.php

<?php
	/**
	 * GIT DEPLOYMENT SCRIPT
	 *
	 * Used for automatically deploying websites via github or bitbucket, more deets here:
	 *
	 *		https://gist.github.com/1809044
	 */

	// The commands
	$commands = array(
		'echo $PWD',
		'whoami',
		'git pull',
		'git status',
		'git submodule sync',
		'git submodule update',
		'git submodule status',
	);

	// Run the commands for output
	$output = '';
	foreach($commands AS $command){
		// Run it
		$tmp = shell_exec($command);
		// Output
		$output .= "<span style=\"color: #6BE234;\">\$</span> <span style=\"color: #729FCF;\">{$command}\n</span>";
		$output .= htmlentities(trim($tmp)) . "\n";
	}

	// Make it pretty for manual user access (and why not?)
?>
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html lang="en-US">
<head>
	<meta charset="UTF-8">
	<title>GIT DEPLOYMENT SCRIPT</title>
</head>
<body style="background-color: #000000; color: #FFFFFF; font-weight: bold; padding: 0 10px;">
<pre>
 .  ____  .    ____________________________
 |/      \|   |                            |
[| <span style="color: #FF0000;">&hearts;    &hearts;</span> |]  | Git Deployment Script v0.1 |
 |___==___|  /              &copy; oodavid 2012 |
              |____________________________|

<?php echo $output; ?>
</pre>
</body>
</html>

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I need assistance.
I am trying to implement a rather similar deploy script where I use git reset --hard HEAD instead of git submodule. The webhook does send the request when committed (I verified this by creating a log.txt) the thing is, every time the script executes it git doesn't update to the latest version and it outputs that the HEAD is up to date, which is always 1 commit behind.

Here is an Update [August 2020] (only github part is updated):
https://gist.github.com/azhar25git/13d1311bf7acde0326f694587dcd9678

how would one run extra scripts after pulling?