Vim Configs and CheatSheet

README.md

VIM CheatSheet

Based on configuration provided in .config/nvim/init.vim

Glossary

• L = Leader Key, mapped to a single space " "
• C = Control
• S = Shift
• A = Left Alt

Basic Usage

Key	Mode	Description
i	N	Enters Insert Mode
v	N	Enters Visual Mode
V	N	Enters Visual Line Mode
Esc	*	Get Back to Normal mode
:w	N	Write file
:x	N	Write and exit (ZZ)
:qa!	N	Quit not saving all buffers (ZQ)
.	N	Repeat last registered action
u	N	Undo
C-r	N	Redo

Movement

Key	Mode	Description
gg	N	File Home
G	N	File End
5G	N	Go to line 5
:-3	N	Go to 3 alines above
b	N	Move to start of previous word
B	N	Move to start previous WORD
e	N	Move to end of next word
E	N	Move to end of next WORD
w	N	Move to start of next word
W	N	Move to start of next WORD
$	N	Move to end of line
0	N	Move to start of line
%	N	Go to corresponding bracket
*	N	Go to next, prev # match of word
fa	N	Go to next letter a (, and ; navigates)
ta	N	Go to before of next letter a (, and ; navigates)

Tip: WORD is a word + ponctuation, F and T do backwards.

Text Manipulation

Key	Mode	Description
ggVG	N	Select all text
Yp	N	Duplicate Line
gcap	N	Comment whole paragraph
gcc	N	Comment the whole line
cs"'	N	Change surrounding " to '
ds"	N	Delete surrounding "
cst"	N	Change <foo> to "foo"
ysiw	N	Add surrounds to a word foo
I	N	Insert at start of the line
a	N	Insert after cursor
A	N	Insert at the end of the line
o	N	New line above
O	N	New line below
r	N	Replace Char
x	N	Delete current char
cc	N	Replace line
cw	N	Replace to the end of workd
ciw	N	Replace the inner word
c$	N	Replace to the end of word
~	N	Change char case, repeat with .
C-A	N	Increment a number

Text Selection and Copying

Key	Mode	Description
yy	N, V	Copy a line or selection
5yy	N, V	Copy 5 lines
yw	N	Copy a word
ye	N	Copy until the end of word
y$	N	Copy to the end of the line
y2/foo	N	Copy until second foo
p	N	Paste after cursor
4p	N	Paste after cursor 4 times
P	N	Paste before cursor
dd	N	Cut line
3dd	N	Cut 3 lines
dw	N	Cut word
D	N	Delete to the end of line
d$	N	Delete to the end of line
dt"	N	Delete to the next "
/s	N	Search

Visual mode

Key	Mode	Description
vi"	V	Select everything inner "
va"	V	Select everything including "
vi)	V	Select everything inner () "
v2i)	V	Select evertyhing inner 2 outer )

Multi line edit

Key	Mode	Description
0 C-q select I-- Esc	N	Enters block mode, selects all first columns, add --
C-q select $ A-- Esc	N	Adds -- to the end of all lines
J	V	Join selected lines
< >	V	Indent
=	V	auto indent

Files

Key	Mode	Description
L-pw	N	Rg search the current word
L-ps	N	Rg content search in current folder files
L-pf	N	Open/Preview files in current folder
L-b	N	Open buffers preview
L-f	N	Another File NAvigator
C-P	N	Git Giles
F3	N	NERDTree
F4	N	TagBar
L-e	N	Opens a file in the current dir
L-e	N	Opens a file n the current dir
L-te	N	Opens a file in the current dir on a tab
L-prw	N	CocSearch current word on all buffers
L-ghw	N	Get Help for Word

Windows

Key	Mode	Description
L-hjkl	N	Switch windows (C-W-hjkl)
L-z, L-x	N	Next/Previous Buffer
L-c	N	Close current buffer
L-q	N	Close current split (C-w-c)
L-o	N	Open new file in vertical (vnew)
L-]	N	New Horizontal Split
L-\	N	New vertical split
C-w-n	N	New file on horizontal split
C-w-s	N	Split horizontal current file
C-w-v	N	Split vertically current file
C-w-w	N	Next Split
C-w-p	N	Prev Split
C-w-arrows	N	Move to split
C-w-hjkl	N	Move to Split
C-w-T	N	Move split to a tab (why?)
C-w->,<	N	Increase/DEcrease width
C-w-+,-	N	Increase/DEcrease height
C-w-q	N	Close Split and file
C-w-o	N	Keep only current split
C-w-`	`	N
C-w-_	N	Maximize Horizontal Split
C-w-=	N	Restore split sizes

Code Analysis

Key	Mode	Description
L-gd	N	Go to definition
L-gy	N	Go to type definition
L-gi	N	Go to implementations
L-gr	N	Go to references
L-cr	N	Coc Restart

Utilities

Key	Mode	Description
L-u	N	Undo tree
L-y	N	Undo History
L-,	N	Clear highlivght (noh)
L-.	N	Set working dir
L-g	N	Current line on git

More

Key	Mode	Description
100ifoo [ESC]	N	Will write "foo" 100 times
100ifoo[ENTER][ESC]	N	Will write "foo" in 100 lines
3.	N	Will write "foo" 3 times after above command
L-id	N	Generates an UUID

Tricks

Macro

qa record your actions in the register a. Then @a will replay the macro saved into the register a as if you typed it. @@ is a shortcut to replay the last executed macro.

Example

On a line containing only the number 1, type this:

• qaYp<C-a>q →
  • qa start recording.
  • Yp duplicate this line.
  • <C-a> increment the number.
  • q stop recording.
• @a → write 2 under the 1
• @@ → write 3 under the 2
• Now do 100@@ will create a list of increasing numbers until 103.

References

• https://vim.rtorr.com/

init.vim

syntax on
filetype plugin indent on

set nocompatible
set guicursor=
set number relativenumber
set ruler
" set nohlsearch
set hidden
set cursorline
set noerrorbells
set tabstop=4 softtabstop=4
set shiftwidth=4
set expandtab
set smartindent
set nu
set nowrap
set smartcase
set noswapfile
set nobackup
set undodir=~/.vim/undodir
set undofile
set incsearch
set termguicolors
set scrolloff=8
set noshowmode
set encoding=utf-8
set fileencoding=utf-8
set fileencodings=utf-8
set backspace=indent,eol,start
set hlsearch
set ignorecase
set fileformats=unix,dos,mac
set autoread
set nowritebackup

" Give more space for displaying messages.
set cmdheight=2

" Having longer updatetime (default is 4000 ms = 4 s) leads to noticeable
" delays and poor user experience.
set updatetime=50

" Don't pass messages to |ins-completion-menu|.
set shortmess+=c

set colorcolumn=80,100,120
highlight ColorColumn ctermbg=0 guibg=lightgrey
highlight Comment ctermfg=red

set mousemodel=popup
set t_Co=256
set guioptions=egmrti
set gfn=Monospace\ 10

if exists('$SHELL')
    set shell=$SHELL
else
    set shell=/bin/sh
endif

"" Disable the blinking cursor.
set gcr=a:blinkon0
set scrolloff=3

"" Status bar
set laststatus=2

"" Use modeline overrides
set modeline
set modelines=10

set title
set titleold="Terminal"
set titlestring=%F
set statusline=%F%m%r%h%w%=(%{&ff}/%Y)\ (line\ %l\/%L,\ col\ %c)\

" Show tabs and spavces visually
set list
set listchars+=tab:>-,space:.


" Start Plugin Management
call plug#begin('~/.vim/plugged')

    " Markdown editing and preview
    Plug 'suan/vim-instant-markdown', {'for': 'markdown'}
    Plug 'gabrielelana/vim-markdown'
    " Soft or Hard Word Wrapping
    Plug 'reedes/vim-pencil'

    " Align tables
    Plug 'godlygeek/tabular'

    "Auto Complete and Language Server
    Plug 'neoclide/coc.nvim', {'branch': 'release'}

    " Git integration
    Plug 'tpope/vim-fugitive'
    Plug 'tpope/vim-rhubarb' " required by fugitive to :Gbrowse
    Plug 'airblade/vim-gitgutter'

    " Useful commenting - gcc, gcap
    Plug 'tpope/vim-commentary'

    " Show latest changes and allow navigation
    Plug 'mbbill/undotree'

    " Object/AST tag bar
    Plug 'majutsushi/tagbar'

    " Linter
    Plug 'w0rp/ale'

    " Show the visual mark on indendation blocks ┆
    Plug 'Yggdroot/indentLine'

    " Syntax Highlighting
    Plug 'sheerun/vim-polyglot'

    " Rainbow match pairs
    Plug 'kien/rainbow_parentheses.vim'

    " Fuzzy Search :)
    Plug 'junegunn/fzf', { 'do': { -> fzf#install() } }
    Plug 'junegunn/fzf.vim'
    Plug 'yuki-ycino/fzf-preview.vim', { 'branch': 'release', 'do': ':UpdateRemotePlugins' }

    " Dispatch tasks to run async e.g: `:Dispatch PlugInstall`
    Plug 'tpope/vim-dispatch'

    " Allow repeating of plugin 3rd party actions
    Plug 'tpope/vim-repeat'

    " Manipulate surrounding chars such as quotes and brackets
    Plug 'tpope/vim-surround'

    " Beautiful Dark theme
    Plug 'gruvbox-community/gruvbox'

    " Auto Format
    Plug 'sbdchd/neoformat'

    " Another Fuzzy Finder that can search mru
    Plug 'Yggdroot/LeaderF', { 'do': './install.sh' }


    " Interactive command execution
    let g:make = 'gmake'
    if exists('make')
            let g:make = 'make'
    endif
    Plug 'Shougo/vimproc.vim', {'do': g:make}

    "" Vim-Session
    Plug 'xolox/vim-misc'
    Plug 'xolox/vim-session'

    "" Snippets
    Plug 'SirVer/ultisnips'
    Plug 'honza/vim-snippets'

    "" Status and tab bar
    Plug 'vim-airline/vim-airline'
    Plug 'vim-airline/vim-airline-themes'

    "" Auto close/match brackets
    Plug 'Raimondi/delimitMate'

    "" A lot of colorschemes
    Plug 'flazz/vim-colorschemes'

    "" DEvicons for trees and bars
    Plug 'ryanoasis/vim-devicons'

    "" Python formatting
    Plug 'ambv/black'

    "" Do we need NERDTree?
    Plug 'preservim/nerdtree'

    "" Auto complete navigation with tab
    Plug 'ervandew/supertab'

"" End of plugin management
call plug#end()

"" Apprearance
colorscheme gruvbox
set guifont=DroidSansMono\ Nerd\ Font\ 11
" This changes gruvbox bg to real dark
let g:gruvbox_contrast_dark = 'hard'
"" Theme improvements for embedded terminals
" if exists('+termguicolors')
"     let &t_8f = "\<Esc>[38;2;%lu;%lu;%lum"
"     let &t_8b = "\<Esc>[48;2;%lu;%lu;%lum"
" endif
let g:gruvbox_invert_selection='0'
set background=dark
" hi Normal guibg=NONE ctermbg=NONE
if has("gui_running")
    if has("gui_mac") || has("gui_macvim")
        set guifont=Menlo:h12
        set transparency=7
    endif
else
    let g:CSApprox_loaded = 1

" IndentLine
let g:indentLine_enabled = 1
let g:indentLine_concealcursor = 0
let g:indentLine_char = '┆'
let g:indentLine_char_list = ['|', '¦', '┆', '┊']
let g:indentLine_faster = 1
endif


"" Session Management (Do I need  this?)
let g:session_directory = "~/.config/nvim/session"
let g:session_autoload = "no"
let g:session_autosave = "no"
let g:session_command_aliases = 1



"" Searching and Navigation

"" fzf.vim
set wildmode=list:longest,list:full
set wildignore+=*.o,*.obj,.git,*.rbc,*.pyc,__pycache__
let $FZF_DEFAULT_COMMAND =  "find * -path '*/\.*' -prune -o -path 'node_modules/**' -prune -o -path 'target/**' -prune -o -path 'dist/**' -prune -o  -type f -print -o -type l -print 2> /dev/null"

" ripgrep
if executable('rg')
  let g:rg_derive_root='true'
  let $FZF_DEFAULT_COMMAND = 'rg --files --hidden --follow --glob "!.git/*"'
  set grepprg=rg\ --vimgrep
  command! -bang -nargs=* Find call fzf#vim#grep('rg --column --line-number --no-heading --fixed-strings --ignore-case --hidden --follow --glob "!.git/*" --color "always" '.shellescape(<q-args>).'| tr -d "\017"', 1, <bang>0)
endif

let loaded_matchparen = 1
let mapleader = " "

let g:netrw_browse_split = 2
let g:netrw_banner = 0
let g:netrw_winsize = 25

let g:fzf_layout = { 'window': { 'width': 0.8, 'height': 0.8 } }
let $FZF_DEFAULT_OPTS='--reverse'

let no_buffers_menu=1

" vim-airline
let g:airline_theme = 'powerlineish'
let g:airline#extensions#branch#enabled = 1
let g:airline#extensions#ale#enabled = 1
let g:airline#extensions#tabline#enabled = 1
let g:airline#extensions#tagbar#enabled = 1
let g:airline_skip_empty_sections = 1


"" Bindings

cnoreabbrev W! w!
cnoreabbrev Q! q!
cnoreabbrev Qall! qall!
cnoreabbrev Wq wq
cnoreabbrev Wa wa
cnoreabbrev wQ wq
cnoreabbrev WQ wq
cnoreabbrev W w
cnoreabbrev Q q
cnoreabbrev Qall qall

nnoremap <leader>ghw :h <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>
nnoremap <leader>prw :CocSearch <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>
nnoremap <leader>pw :Rg <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>
nnoremap <leader>h :wincmd h<CR>
nnoremap <leader>j :wincmd j<CR>
nnoremap <leader>k :wincmd k<CR>
nnoremap <leader>l :wincmd l<CR>
nnoremap <leader>u :UndotreeShow<CR>

"" I prefer NERDTree so I kept it here just as an example.
" nnoremap <leader>pv :wincmd v<bar> :Ex <bar> :vertical resize 30<CR>

nnoremap <Leader>ps :Rg<SPACE>
nnoremap <C-p> :GFiles<CR>
nnoremap <Leader>pf :Files<CR>
nnoremap <Leader><CR> :so ~/.config/nvim/init.vim<CR>
nnoremap <Leader>+ :vertical resize +5<CR>
nnoremap <Leader>- :vertical resize -5<CR>
nnoremap <Leader>rp :resize 100<CR>

"" Coding snippets here?
"nnoremap <Leader>ee oif err != nil {<CR>log.Fatalf("%+v\n", err)<CR>}<CR><esc>kkI<esc>

"" Using a terminal inside VIM is bad!! (dont use it)
nnoremap <silent> <leader>sh :terminal<CR>

"" Split
noremap <Leader>] :<C-u>split<CR>
noremap <Leader>\ :<C-u>vsplit<CR>
noremap <Leader>q :<C-u>close<CR>
noremap <Leader>o :<C-u>vnew<CR>


"" Buffer nav
noremap <leader>z :bp<CR>
noremap <leader>x :bn<CR>

"" Close the current buffer and move to the previous one
" This replicates the idea of closing a tab
noremap <leader>c :bp <BAR> bd #<CR>

"" Clean search (highlight)
nnoremap <silent> <leader>, :noh<cr>

"" Vmap for maintain Visual Mode after shifting > and <
vmap < <gv
vmap > >gv

"" Move visual block
vnoremap J :m '>+1<CR>gv=gv
vnoremap K :m '<-2<CR>gv=gv
nnoremap <A-j> :m .+1<CR>==
nnoremap <A-k> :m .-2<CR>==
inoremap <A-j> <Esc>:m .+1<CR>==gi
inoremap <A-k> <Esc>:m .-2<CR>==gi
vnoremap <A-j> :m '>+1<CR>gv=gv
vnoremap <A-k> :m '<-2<CR>gv=gv

"" Open current line on GitHub
nnoremap <Leader>g :.Gbrowse<CR>

"" Show all current buffers with preview (this is damn good)
nnoremap <silent> <leader>b :Buffers<CR>

" Dont needd this because we have <leader>ps to open Rg:
"nnoremap <silent> <leader>e :FZF -m<CR>

"Recovery commands from history through FZF
nmap <leader>y :History:<CR>

" snippets
let g:UltiSnipsExpandTrigger="<tab>"
let g:UltiSnipsJumpForwardTrigger="<tab>"
let g:UltiSnipsJumpBackwardTrigger="<c-b>"
let g:UltiSnipsEditSplit="vertical"

" NERDTree toggle
nmap <silent> <F3> :NERDTreeToggle<CR>

" Tagbar
nmap <silent> <F4> :TagbarToggle<CR>
let g:tagbar_autofocus = 1

" Disable visualbell
set noerrorbells visualbell t_vb=
if has('autocmd')
  autocmd GUIEnter * set visualbell t_vb=
endif

"" Copy/Paste/Cut
if has('unnamedplus')
  set clipboard=unnamed,unnamedplus
endif

noremap YY "+y<CR>
noremap <leader>p "+gP<CR>
noremap XX "+x<CR>


"" Set working directory
nnoremap <leader>. :lcd %:p:h<CR>

"" Opens an edit command with the path of the currently edited file filled in
noremap <Leader>e :e <C-R>=expand("%:p:h") . "/" <CR>

"" Opens a tab edit command with the path of the currently edited file filled
noremap <Leader>te :tabe <C-R>=expand("%:p:h") . "/" <CR>

"" Tabs
nnoremap <Tab> gt
nnoremap <S-Tab> gT
nnoremap <silent> <S-t> :tabnew<CR>


" Search mappings: These will make it so that going to the next one in a
" search will center on the line it's found in.
nnoremap n nzzzv
nnoremap N Nzzzv

if exists("*fugitive#statusline")
  set statusline+=%{fugitive#statusline()}
endif

nnoremap <leader>ob :colorscheme gruvbox<CR>
nmap <leader>tb :hi Normal guibg=NONE ctermbg=NONE<CR>

vnoremap X "_d
inoremap <C-c> <esc>

command! -nargs=0 Prettier :CocCommand prettier.formatFile
inoremap <silent><expr> <C-space> coc#refresh()

" GoTo code navigation.
nmap <leader>gd <Plug>(coc-definition)
nmap <leader>gy <Plug>(coc-type-definition)
nmap <leader>gi <Plug>(coc-implementation)
nmap <leader>gr <Plug>(coc-references)
nmap <leader>rr <Plug>(coc-rename)
nmap <leader>g[ <Plug>(coc-diagnostic-prev)
nmap <leader>g] <Plug>(coc-diagnostic-next)
nmap <silent> <leader>gp <Plug>(coc-diagnostic-prev-error)
nmap <silent> <leader>gn <Plug>(coc-diagnostic-next-error)
nnoremap <leader>cr :CocRestart

" ale
let g:ale_linters = {}
:call extend(g:ale_linters, {
    \'python': ['flake8'], })

" vim-airline
let g:airline#extensions#virtualenv#enabled = 1

" Syntax highlight
" Default highlight is better than polyglot
" polyglot breaks markdown fences
let g:polyglot_disabled = ['python', 'markdown', 'mkd']
let python_highlight_all = 1

" Sweet Sweet FuGITive
nmap <leader>gh :diffget //3<CR>
nmap <leader>gu :diffget //2<CR>
nmap <leader>gs :G<CR>

fun! TrimWhitespace()
    let l:save = winsaveview()
    keeppatterns %s/\s\+$//e
    call winrestview(l:save)
endfun

if !exists('*s:setupWrapping')
  function s:setupWrapping()
    set wrap
    set wm=2
    set textwidth=79
  endfunction
endif

augroup highlight_yank
    autocmd!
    autocmd TextYankPost * silent! lua require'vim.highlight'.on_yank()
augroup END

autocmd BufWritePre * :call TrimWhitespace()


"*****************************************************************************
"" Convenience variables
"*****************************************************************************

" vim-airline
if !exists('g:airline_symbols')
  let g:airline_symbols = {}
endif

let g:airline_powerline_fonts = 1

if !exists('g:airline_powerline_fonts')
  let g:airline#extensions#tabline#left_sep = ' '
  let g:airline#extensions#tabline#left_alt_sep = '|'
  let g:airline_left_sep          = '▶'
  let g:airline_left_alt_sep      = '»'
  let g:airline_right_sep         = '◀'
  let g:airline_right_alt_sep     = '«'
  let g:airline#extensions#branch#prefix     = '⤴' "➔, ➥, ⎇
  let g:airline#extensions#readonly#symbol   = '⊘'
  let g:airline#extensions#linecolumn#prefix = '¶'
  let g:airline#extensions#paste#symbol      = 'ρ'
  let g:airline_symbols.linenr    = '␊'
  let g:airline_symbols.branch    = '⎇'
  let g:airline_symbols.paste     = 'ρ'
  let g:airline_symbols.paste     = 'Þ'
  let g:airline_symbols.paste     = '∥'
  let g:airline_symbols.whitespace = 'Ξ'
else
  let g:airline#extensions#tabline#left_sep = ''
  let g:airline#extensions#tabline#left_alt_sep = ''

  " powerline symbols
  let g:airline_left_sep = ''
  let g:airline_left_alt_sep = ''
  let g:airline_right_sep = ''
  let g:airline_right_alt_sep = ''
  let g:airline_symbols.branch = ''
  let g:airline_symbols.readonly = ''
  let g:airline_symbols.linenr = ''
endif

"" Disabling arrow keys
" for key in ['<Up>', '<Down>', '<Left>', '<Right>']
"  exec 'nnoremap' key '<Nop>'
"  exec 'vnoremap' key '<Nop>'
" endfor

for key in ['<C-S>', '<C-Z>']
  exec 'noremap' key '<Nop>'
  exec 'inoremap' key '<Nop>'
  exec 'cnoremap' key '<Nop>'
endfor

"" Ctrl+J-K navigates auto complete windows
inoremap <expr> <C-J> pumvisible() ? "\<C-N>" : "j"
inoremap <expr> <C-K> pumvisible() ? "\<C-P>" : "k"


"" Generate uuid
if executable('uuidgen')
    nnoremap <leader>id :execute 'normal! o' . system('uuidgen')<esc>ddk==
else
    nnoremap <leader>id :execute 'normal! o' . system('python3 -c "import uuid; print(str(uuid.uuid4()))"')<esc>ddk==
endif

" -- sudo save
cmap w!! w !sudo tee >/dev/null %