1. partition schema.md

UEFI System Boot

Partitions schema

Type    Mount Point   Format  Device               Flags
fat32   /boot/efi             (SSD 200 Mib)        boot, esp
ext4    /             x       (SSD >= 20480 Mib)
ext4    /home                 (HDD)
swap                          (HDD 4096 Mib)

On the Root Partition

• Choice the partition that you want to be the root system giving a double click on the partition;
• In Use as select Ext4 journaling file system;
• Mark the Format the partition box;
• Tap / on Mount point.

The Home Partition

• Choice the partition that you want to be the home path;
• Top /home on Mount point.

Checking The Boot System

$ [ -d /sys/firmware/efi ] && echo "UEFI boot" || echo "Legacy boot"

3. fstab.md

The Fstab File

Run on shell

$ sudo gedit /etc/fstab

# /sdXN
# <file system>     <mount point>   <type>    <options>            <dump>    <pass>
  UUID=             /boot/efi       vfat      defaults             0         1
  UUID=             /               ext4      errors=remount-ro    0         1
  UUID=             /home           ext4      defaults             0         2
  UUID=             none            swap      sw                   0         0

• options: the default options are: rw,auto,nouser,exec,async;
• x-gvfs-show: show the UI;
• x-gvfs-name=SAMPLE: defines a title for the UI;
• x-udisks-auth: require extra authorization to mount;
• dump: 0 to don't trigger and 1 to trigger default backup system of the Operating System;
• pass: priority order to the FSCK check the disk for errors on the disk initialization. 1 is for the root system, 2 for the others, and 0 to don't check.

See more.

boot-reparing.md

Reparing The Boot

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair && sudo apt-get update

sudo apt install -y boot-repair && (boot-repair &)

See more here.