I use dotfiles to personalize *nix type of machines. But I'm new to personalizing Windows 10. So I'm collecting information here first before adding these to the dotfiles. I'm not sure if these will ever move to dotfiles though.
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/install-win10
Also reading about ConPTY can help understanding more about how (TUI) wsl and windows host apps work together.
cd ~
git clone https://github.com/ryuheechul/dotfiles
dotfiles/bootstrap/foundation/wsl.sh
dotfiles/bootstrap/configuration.shThere can be subttle but noticable performace difference between various power mode:
- power plugged in
- on battery with Power mode as Recommended
- on battery with Power mode as Better Performance
- on battery with Power mode as Best Performance
I compare them using
fulltimezsh
as opening a new shell is one of the interaction that I care about the fast
feedback.
https://chocolatey.org/install
# default code editor
choco install vscode -y
# enable coding/terminal friendly font
choco install firacodenf -y # or below
choco install nerdfont-hack -yShould also check this out, https://github.com/sirredbeard/Awesome-WSL
Choose terminals from below if not to settle with Windows Terminal.
https://github.com/sirredbeard/Awesome-WSL#terminals
https://www.thomasmaurer.ch/2020/04/my-customized-windows-terminal-settings-json/
// at "C:\Users\[user-name]\AppData\Local\Packages\Microsoft.WindowsTerminal_8wekyb3d8bbwe\LocalState\settings.json"
{
// ...
"hidden": false,
"name": "Ubuntu",
+ "fontFace": "FiraCodeNF", // Set terminal friendly font
+ "fontFace": "Hack Nerd Font Mono", // Or this
+ "commandline": "wsl -- bash -c -l 'cd && SHELL=$(which zsh) tmux a'", // replace default `wsl` to start with tmux
"source": "Windows.Terminal.Wsl"
},# swapping `t` and `T` - this is for anywhere not just for Windows
map t Vomnibar.activateTabSelection
map T createTab
# swapping `J` and `K` - this is for in case using vertical tabs in Edge
map J nextTab
map K previousTabThanks to a comment in Reddit, a extention like this, Tab Activate help.
https://github.com/imbushuo/mac-precision-touchpad
choco install mac-precision-touchpad -y
https://www.partitionwizard.com/clone-disk/cant-sign-into-icloud.html
From above link, Reset WinSock worked for me. I also changed DNS to 1.1.1.1 after installing iCloud (not sure if this is related though)
Actually I'm not sure if this is necessary but preventing sleep on lid closing (below) seems to be.
https://superuser.com/questions/1702345/disable-slow-charger-warning-in-windows/1732917#1732917
might requires rebooting after changing the settings
Do you want to access your laptop when its lid is closed? In that case, https://uk.pcmag.com/windows-10/121850/how-to-run-your-laptop-with-the-lid-closed.
The step above comes with a (bad security) side effect. Prevent that with setting up automatic locking via instruction at https://docs.microsoft.com/answers/answers/10049/view.html.
if not you will wonder why typing seems to be not working
Add https://remotedesktop.google.com/access/session/* into Excluded URLs and
keys in Vimium if you use
Chrome Remote Desktop
Apparently lid closing's default behaviour is to limit graphic capabilities a lot and I'm following this instruction to prevent that.
https://www.autohotkey.com/ choco install autohotkey -y
Might be useful:
- https://ke-complex-modifications.pqrs.org/#spacefn
- https://www.hillelwayne.com/post/ahk/
- https://github.com/beta/hotkeys
- https://jmmv.dev/2021/07/macos-ahk.html
Carnac can display keystrokes.
https://thegeekpage.com/change-keyboard-repeat-rate-repeat-delay-windows-10/
https://github.com/fuhsjr00/bug.n is supposed to be similar to i3 on Linux or Amethyst on macOS
Simply installing via https://hub.docker.com/editions/community/docker-ce-desktop-windows/ should enable Docker for both Windows side and WSL side
also a (good) side effect, it runs wsl on start up
Press Window button and type View your PC Name and click Rename PC
with tailscale if you will
or with
choco install openssh -y
## in Powershell as admin
# for now
Start-Service sshd
Get-Service sshd
# for future (after reboot
Set-Service -Name sshd -StartupType 'Automatic'
# to change the default shell to wsl - https://www.hanselman.com/blog/the-easy-way-how-to-ssh-into-bash-and-wsl2-on-windows-10-from-an-external-machine
New-ItemProperty -Path "HKLM:\SOFTWARE\OpenSSH" -Name DefaultShell -Value "C:\WINDOWS\System32\bash.exe" -PropertyType String -ForceNow that default shell is to enter wsl (on Windows side), it feels like I'm connecting to Linux directly. However not quite yet.
Few problems so far:
- bash start with home folder of Windows not Linux
- I want to use zsh that is installed via Nix
- No indication on prompt about SSH
And these can be solved by below.
# ~/.ssh/config - client side
Host [ip-or-domain]
# let you connect host simply via `ssh@[host]`
User [username]
# optional in case doing auth with keys instead of password - more on this later
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/my-key[.pub]
# for the command below to be attached
RequestTTY force
# $SSH_TTY - just to fake my shell prompt to think it's connected via SSH eventhough in linux perspective it's actually not
RemoteCommand SSH_TTY=/dev/faketty bash -c -l 'cd ~ && zsh'I noticed that ssh connection keep getting disconnected. And here are what I tried:
TCPKeepAlive yes/noServerAliveInterval x- https://tailscale.com/kb/1088/run-unattended
- use IP address instead of domain name
- use different client (for example, using iPad with Termius app)
- maybe few other ways
And everything failed.
I noticed some weird behaviors though:
- when getting kicked out was kind of random - sometimes just few seconds sometimes even few minutes
- connecting from wsl never got kicked out unlike an external device like Macbook or iPad
- when I tried with local IP address (not the Tailscale one) from my router, it has no response
- when I try even just a ping with the local IP, timeout
- and I found this article - https://community.spiceworks.com/topic/440766-client-pc-not-responding-to-ping
- and one thing came up in my mind - McAfee Antivirus programs that comes with the laptop that I forgot to remove completely
So I removed it and restarted the Windows and ping works and no more ssh being disconnected. So it must have been that app and I guess it makes sense it patrols connections and go around and kill them as it likes. It was a well spent 3 hours of detective work...
ssh [username]@[ip-or-domain-name] Also I'm not sure if it's this is same for
everyone, but in my case, the user name is the local user name and password is
not the local one but the Microsoft account one, which is super confusing but
alright.
for example, using public keys https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/openssh/openssh_server_configuration
Allowing public keys https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/openssh/openssh_keymanagement#deploying-the-public-key
When Repair-AuthorizedKeyPermission is not available,
Set-ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Scope Process -Force; Import-Module "C :\Program Files\OpenSSH-Win64\OpenSSHUtils.psd1" -Force
If your user is local admin, the above wouldn't work, instead do this, https://www.concurrency.com/blog/may-2019/key-based-authentication-for-openssh-on-windows.
# do this in powershell as admin - https://www.concurrency.com/blog/may-2019/key-based-authentication-for-openssh-on-windows
$acl = Get-Acl C:\ProgramData\ssh\administrators_authorized_keys
$acl.SetAccessRuleProtection($true, $false)
$administratorsRule = New-Object system.security.accesscontrol.filesystemaccessrule("Administrators","FullControl","Allow")
$systemRule = New-Object system.security.accesscontrol.filesystemaccessrule("SYSTEM","FullControl","Allow")
$acl.SetAccessRule($administratorsRule)
$acl.SetAccessRule($systemRule)
$acl | Set-Acldev-sec/ansible-ssh-hardening#188 (comment) or https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/218191
PowerShell/Win32-OpenSSH#1102 (comment)
# I'm mixing up package managers here for my specific needs, if you just want to stick with `apt-get` for everything, it should be ok too
# install OpenSSH server
sudo apt update
sudo apt install openssh-server
# install tailscale
nix-env -i tailscale
# or follow https://tailscale.com/kb/1039/install-ubuntu-2004/
# install mosh - install linuxbrew first, https://gist.github.com/ryuheechul/bc8a6c32f7a50bde183d1b61dbf71867#true-color-issue
brew install --HEAD mosh
# disable ipv6 for tailscale https://github.com/tailscale/tailscale/issues/562#issuecomment-749121860
sudo sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=1
sudo sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6=1We need sshd and tailscaled to be running in background. No systemd on WSL2
yet, so I just create and run this script (manually) everytime system start.
Now systemd is available!
# shim/init.d.sh
#!/usr/bin/env sh
sudo service ssh start
mkdir -p ~/.var/log
# https://askubuntu.com/a/750423
# https://www.maketecheasier.com/nohup-and-uses/
sudo -b nohup /home/heechul/.nix-profile/bin/tailscaled > ~/.var/log/tailscaledAdd (clients') public keys to ~/.ssh/authorized_keys and it should be good to
go.
It should be straigt forward as any other Linux experience but this might be helpful anyway: https://gist.github.com/ryuheechul/bc8a6c32f7a50bde183d1b61dbf71867#ssh
And the topic specifically about the X11 Forwarding can be found at https://gist.github.com/ryuheechul/9515381570a0cea994e62647d92a864f#when-forwardx11-yes-doesnt-work.
Somehow after connecting to Windows laptop with Chrome Remote Desktop, It flips the screen 180 degree. Thanks to https://superuser.com/a/1490095, I discovered Screen Rotate app that helps to flip it back
I prefer Korean (or American as English typing experience is same in both Korean and American) layout (where Shift+3 is #). Sometimes You laptop's keyboard layout is different than you expect (for example it's £ instead of #). I install and Korean Microsoft IME and also set it as default preferred language so it stays the same even after reboot.
Because that's apparently
a default behaviour but you can
actually turn it off as described here,
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/wsl-config#network (and the comment
in /etc/hosts).
However I noticed that there are some entries added by Docker like below.
# /etc/hosts
# This file was automatically generated by WSL. To stop automatic generation of this file, add the following entry to /etc/wsl.conf:
# [network]
# generateHosts = false
# ...
192.168.1.209 host.docker.internal
192.168.1.209 gateway.docker.internal
127.0.0.1 kubernetes.docker.internal
# ...So I wondered how that's possible and searched more and found
this comment.
And you can see it's added by Docker in
/mnt/c/Windows/System32/drivers/etc/hosts
# /mnt/c/Windows/System32/drivers/etc/hosts
# ...
# Added by Docker Desktop
192.168.1.209 host.docker.internal
192.168.1.209 gateway.docker.internal
# To allow the same kube context to work on the host and the container:
127.0.0.1 kubernetes.docker.internal
# End of sectionAnd I decided to write more entries in
/mnt/c/Windows/System32/drivers/etc/hosts rather than turning off auto
generating behaviour.
Also see microsoft/WSL#5728 (comment)
Follow instructions here,
https://www.liquidweb.com/kb/edit-host-file-windows-10/ and then run
wsl --shutdown and reconnect to wsl and /etc/hosts should be regenerated.
https://github.com/Chronial/wsl-sudo
Examples
wudo vi
wudo powershell.exe
It will close when SSH connection closes. If SSH connection takes longer than expected, maybe it's because this reason.
Usually this happens when you
powershell.exe
wsl --shutdownto restart for some reason
According to these:
- https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/framework/migration-guide/how-to-determine-which-versions-are-installed#detect-net-framework-45-and-later-versions
- https://github.com/EliteLoser/DotNetVersionLister
Install-Module -Name DotNetVersionLister -Scope CurrentUser #-Force
Get-STDotNetVersionIf fail with security error,
Set-ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Scope Process -Force; Import-Module DotNetVersionLister
Get-STDotNetVersionhttps://www.cleverfiles.com/howto/disable-update-windows-10.html
When connected via SSH, refreshenv won't do, so you might need
Restart-Service sshd for your (new) ssh connections to be able to load new
$PATH
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/bing/bing-wallpaper
https://github.com/ryuheechul/win-monitoring
https://www.hanselman.com/blog/category/win10
https://askubuntu.com/questions/1406888/ubuntu-22-04-gpu-passthrough-qemu
my note based on https://boxofcables.dev/kvm-optimized-custom-kernel-wsl2-2022/
https://github.com/AutoDarkMode/Windows-Auto-Night-Mode#download
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3827567/how-to-get-the-path-of-the-batch-script-in-windows