Sending a notification message to Telegram using its HTTP API via cURL

readme.md

1. Create a bot
2. Get the bot's API token from @BotFather
3. Add your bot to the chat you'll be sending messages to
4. Get the ID of the chat
   a. Fetch bot updates and look for the chat id:

   curl https://api.telegram.org/bot$TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN/getUpdates | -r '.result[].message.chat.id'

   b. OR, run bot.rb and @-mention your bot in the chat. The chat id will appear in bot.rb's output.
   The bot may need temporary message access: @BotFather > Bot Settings > Group Privacy > Turn off
5. Send a message using the HTTP API: https://core.telegram.org/bots/api#sendmessage

   curl -X POST \
        -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
        -d '{"chat_id": "123456789", "text": "This is a test from curl", "disable_notification": true}' \
        https://api.telegram.org/bot$TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN/sendMessage

bot.rb

# Use this script to test that your Telegram bot works.
#
# Install the dependency
#
#   $ gem install telegram_bot
#
# Run the bot
#
#   $ ruby bot.rb
#
# Send a message to the bot to get the current chat's ID in the console output.
# If it's a group chat, invite them to the chat first.

require 'logger'
require 'telegram_bot'

TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN = "YOUR_BOT_API_TOKEN"

bot = TelegramBot.new(token: TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN, logger: Logger.new(STDOUT))

bot.get_updates(fail_silently: true) do |message|
  puts "@#{message.from.username}: #{message.text}"
  puts "Chat-ID: #{message.chat.id}"
end

Thanks for sharing this:
Also you can just use another curl to get the chat id instead of running this ruby code.

https://api.telegram.org/bot<YourBOTToken>/getUpdates
Eg:- 
https://api.telegram.org/bot123456789:jbd78sadvbdy63d37gda37bd8/getUpdates

Source: https://stackoverflow.com/a/32572159/516964

Thanks for the tip @thilinapiy! I've updated the instructions.

TOKEN="YOUR_TOKEN" 
ID="YOUR_ID"
URL="https://api.telegram.org/bot$TOKEN/sendMessage"

curl -s -X POST $URL -d chat_id=$ID -d text="Hello World"

Example, copy script to /usr/local/bin/notify-on-ssh-login.sh:

#!/bin/bash

TOKEN="xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"
ID="xxxxxxxxxxxxxx"
URL="https://api.telegram.org/bot$TOKEN/sendMessage"

if [ "$PAM_TYPE" != "open_session" ]
then
	exit 0
else
	curl -s -X POST $URL -d chat_id=$ID -d text="$(echo -e "Host: `hostname`\nUser: $PAM_USER\nHost: $PAM_RHOST")" > /dev/null 2>&1
	exit 0
fi

Add to end file /etc/pam.d/sshd

session    optional     pam_exec.so  /usr/local/bin/notify-on-ssh-login.sh

Is there anyone here please can explain how can you send a media file through HTTP request in telegram bot?

@zyadomer999 see https://core.telegram.org/bots/api#sending-files

👍

In Windows I use a small BAT with the help of UnxUtils:

SET TOKEN_BOT=XXXXXXXXXX:YYYYYYYYYYYYYY_ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
SET ID_CHAT=-000000000
SET URL=https://api.telegram.org/bot%TOKEN_BOT%/sendMessage
SET MESSAGE="Hello from my Windows"
curl -v -X POST --silent --output /dev/null %URL% -d chat_id=%ID_CHAT% -d text=%MESSAGE%

And in UNIX I use the following SHELL which works very well for me:

#!/bin/bash
TOKEN="XXXXXXXXXX:YYYYYYYYYYYYYY_ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ"
ID_CHAT="-000000000"
URL="https://api.telegram.org/bot$TOKEN/sendMessage"
SET MESSAGE="Hello from my Solaris"
curl -X POST --silent --output /dev/null $URL -d chat_id=$ID_CHAT -d text="$THE_MESSAGE"
exit 0

You only have to change the Token of the BOT and the ID_CHAT.

Regards.

Dear friens, i need help. Is it possible send a notification message to Telegram using its HTTP API via cURL but using ptiority.normal or priority.low to get a message withouth buzz or get a message in silence mode? Thanks in advanced. Best regards.

Yes see https://core.telegram.org/bots/api#sendmessage
add: -d disable_notification=true

Yes see https://core.telegram.org/bots/api#sendmessage
add: -d disable_notification=true

Ohhh. thank you very much dear friend. Your answer was really useful for me. I have tried it and it works.

Would it be possible to deactivate the notification within a specific time via curl? This would be great for me, but I'm not sure if it would be possible. Thanks in advance. a cordial greeting

I think at that moment you are either better of writing a shell script or writing it in another programming language

hi guys,
is it possible to get the bot's API token from @Botfather NOT through telegram but using some api?
I need to create bots automatically in my .net app

This might be helpful if looking for cli examples

https://gist.github.com/SanariSan/4c7cca1aef10dfe0e27e55cfd97e9a53

is it possible to write "to" a telegram bot using http request ?
i managed to send the message to the chat_id it but appears in the chat as its written by the bot

What a great, quick tutorial! Thank you!

If you are getting an empty result list when doing getUpdates for your bot, kick the bot out of the group, invite again and fetch again.

Very useful. Made a neat little script that you can import in bash. Adds a title/timestamp to it. Keeps me informed whenever my deployments need my attention.

#!bin/bash

TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN="botid:token"
CHAT_ID="1234567890"

send_telegram () {
    title="$1"
    timestamp="$(date -R)"
    msg="$title\n$timestamp\n\n$(echo "$2" | sed -z -e 's|\\|\\\\|g' -e 's|\n|\\n|g' -e 's|\t|\\t|g' -e 's|\"|\\"|g')"
    entities="[{\"offset\":0,\"length\":${#title},\"type\":\"bold\"},{\"offset\":$((${#title}+1)),\"length\":${#timestamp},\"type\":\"italic\"}]"
    data="{\"chat_id\":\"$CHAT_ID\",\"text\":\"$msg\",\"entities\":$entities,\"disable_notification\": true}"
    curl -s -o /dev/null -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d "$data" -X POST https://api.telegram.org/bot$TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN/sendMessage
}

Import with source /path/to/telegram.sh then can call the function each time you want to send a message like so send_telegram "title in bold" "this is the message body".
Output:
title in bold
Sat, 07 Oct 2022 00:24:57 +0100
this is the message body

The right curl:

curl -s https://api.telegram.org/bot$TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN/getUpdates | jq -r '.result[].message.chat.id'

Can i send file with message instead? Like this, but with curl

Can i send file with message instead? Like this, but with curl

yes

curl -X POST https://api.telegram.org/bot/sendDocument -F chat_id='123456789' -F document=@'/path/to/file' -F caption='source: https://example.com'

Instead of:

curl https://api.telegram.org/bot$TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN/getUpdates | jq .message.chat.id

I think it should be:

curl https://api.telegram.org/bot$TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN/getUpdates | jq 'result[].message.chat.id'

Instead of:

curl https://api.telegram.org/bot$TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN/getUpdates | jq .message.chat.id

I think it should be:

curl https://api.telegram.org/bot$7040428535:AAH-RtS-yODyP-CIbZrEr433Y2xrLuP13vk/getUpdates | jq 'result[].message.chat.id'

hi guys, is it possible to get the bot's API token from @Botfather NOT through telegram but using some api? I need to create bots automatically in my .net app

its possible with account api, instead of bot api.

Found myself in need to send an arbitrary text with unicode and quotes, the original example didn't work.

Here is updated one, forcing jq to do all of the string escaping:

#!/usr/bin/env bash
# noti-bot - send notification in telegram
# Usage:
#   echo "your text" | noti-bot
# or
#   noti-bot "your text" | noti-bot

API=yours
chat_id=yours

if [[ -n "$1" ]]; then
    msg="$1"
else
    msg="$(cat)"
fi


# to escape " and unicode, no, printf is not enough, neither is multiple -d for curl
data="$(echo '{"chat_id": "aaa", "text": "aaa", "disable_notification": false}' |
    jq --arg msg "$msg" --arg chat "$chat_id" '{"chat_id": $ARGS.named.chat, "text": $ARGS.named.msg, "disable_notification": false}')"

# echo "$data"

ans="$(curl -s --tlsv1.2 -X POST \
     -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
     -d "$data" \
     https://api.telegram.org/bot$API/sendMessage)"

if [[ "$(echo "$ans" | jq -r '.ok')" != "true" ]]; then
    echo "$ans" | jq -r '"error \(.error_code) - \(.description)"'
fi

Demo:

echo -e 'Nope!";$(pwd)"\nyes - приветこんにちは' | ./noti-bot

I know, I know, "at this point just use python or something". I needed it with curl.

If succesful - prints nothing.
If not - prints "error_code - error_description".

Is it possible to send a message to a telegram bot without the bot token? maybe by using username, since username is unique anyway.