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<script> async, defer, async defer, module, nomodule, src, inline - the cheat sheet

With the addition of ES modules, there's now no fewer than 24 ways to load your JS code: (inline|not inline) x (defer|no defer) x (async|no async) x (type=text/javascript | type=module | nomodule) -- and each of them is subtly different.

This document is a comparison of various ways the <script> tags in HTML are processed depending on the attributes set.

If you ever wondered when to use inline <script async type="module"> and when <script nomodule defer src="...">, you're in the good place!

Note that this article is about <script>s inserted in the HTML; the behavior of <script>s inserted at runtime is slightly different - see Deep dive into the murky waters of script loading by Jake Archibald (2013)

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  function cleanEmptyFoldersRecursively(folder) {
    var fs = require('fs');
    var path = require('path');

    var isDir = fs.statSync(folder).isDirectory();
    if (!isDir) {
      return;
    }
    var files = fs.readdirSync(folder);

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Testing double-fetching of module/nomodule JS code (including the Safari hack)

<script type="module" src="module.js"></script>
<script nomodule src="nomodule.js"></script>

Update September 2020: life's almost good. Edge Chromium is widely rolled out, and Safari 14.0 ships soon with a fix.

Test page: https://jg-testpage.github.io/es-modules/module-nomodule/

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Introduction

For a long time Windows user, starting using Mac can be an exercise in frustration and keeping your nerves at bay. Many things don't work as expected, need to be activated in some ways, keyboard shortcuts are non-existent or wildly different.

This page is a living reference of a Windows long-timer trying to do basic stuff on a Mac. If you see an easier way to achieve certain things, don't hesitate to drop a comment.

Related links:

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git show HEAD --stat=200 | tail +7 | awk '{ print $3 " "$4 " " $1}' | sort -n -r | less

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Relevant official docs

Migrating NodeJS CJS files (require, module.exports)

First steps

1. Rename the file from .js to .ts
2. Change module.exports = to export =
3. Change all exports.foobar = to export const foobar =
4. Update top-level require calls to static import.

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Remapping Microsoft Sculpt Ergonomic Keyboard with Karabiner Elements (2023 guide, MacOS 13.6 Ventura)

• Remapped the "Windows" key and "Context Menu" key.
• Remapped the whole bottom row to match MacBook Pro keyboard layout.

See also https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/173898/repurposing-menu-button-on-windows-keyboards-used-in-os-x

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let md5 = str => require('crypto').createHash('md5').update(str).digest("hex")

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Beware of <script async defer> blocking HTML "load" event

2015.10.07 t

On the importance of simulated latency testing, and bulletproofing your page from the third-party JS load failures

TL;DR

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Samsung Browser:
----------------

Mozilla/5.0 (SMART-TV; Linux; Tizen 5.0) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) SamsungBrowser/2.2 Chrome/63.0.3239.84 TV Safari/537.36
Mozilla/5.0 (SMART-TV; Linux; Tizen 4.0) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) SamsungBrowser/2.1 Chrome/56.0.2924.0 TV Safari/537.36

Samsung WebView:
----------------

Mozilla/5.0 (SMART-TV; LINUX; Tizen 5.0) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0 TV Safari/537.36