Note: many issues listed below are not specific to Rails or to Ruby. They can also exist in other languages or web frameworks presenting similar challeneges. It is important to note these challenges, because they can impede the workflow and best practices taught and used by Rails practitioners.
There are many different versions of Ruby in use. This is very unique, in that, in the Python world, you have many versions, but almost everyone will be using the last 2.X or the last 3.X. In the Java world, most use cases are covered by the last two major releases of either Java released by Oracle or on OpenJDK.