Install convmv if you don't have it
sudo apt-get install convmv
Convert all files in a directory from NFD to NFC:
convmv -r -f utf8 -t utf8 --nfc --notest .
Convert all files in a directory from NFC to NFD:
convmv -r -f utf8 -t utf8 --nfd --notest .
The UTF-8-MAC support was added to Cupertino’s version of iconv -- that’s why it’s not available on other systems.
They have also, apparently, removed their documentation of the HFS+ file name encodings. But, thanks to the wayback machine, you can see it here:
File Systems and Unicode Support
It states:
And that last little bit is how UTF-8-MAC differs from Unicode 3.2’s NFD.